Monday, March 11, 2013
How To Write Ukulele Songs ?
Introduction
I would like to point out that this guide on “How To Write Songs” is not absolute at all, you can always improvise, “invent” new ukulele chords and much more. Now that this is clear, lets start with what makes a song sound good in the first place. To make a song sound good, you want the chords you use, to match and sound good together. You can try a whole bunch of chords and see if they match, but there’s actually a quicker way to find matching chords, using “keys”.Key Card
What is this “key” you are talking about!? Well, it’s basically a group of chords that sound “good” together. This is where the Key Card — which you can find at the bottom of this page — comes in handy. To find matching chords to create your song you can simply choose a key from the card and use any of the chord on that line (horizontally). This is followed by creating a strumming pattern and last but not least, the lyrics. You can however start with the lyrics and find a matching key for them of course. Note: use 6th / 7th / 9th versions of the chords to change the feel of your song.Theoretical
If you take a close look at the Key Card you can see that the I-IV-V chord progressions are highlighted on the card. These are the most common chord progressions in all the music that exists. This I-IV-V progression is called “figured bass” (or thoroughbass) by classical composers — read this for more detail. The “I-IV-V progression”, which is widely used in blues, rock,… basically states that the first chord you should play is the I chord, followed by the IV chord and finally the V chord. This combination of chords is bound to sound good together. For example “Liquor Store Blues” by Bruno Mars is written in the E key since it has the chords C#m-G#m-A-B.At the top you can find the “scale degrees”. Western scales have seven different degrees and are designated by the roman numbers I -> VII. A few examples:
• Key C -> Scale: C D E F G A B CExamples of the I-IV-V progression:
• Key A# -> Scale: A# C D D# F G A A#
• Key A -> Scale: A B C# D F F# G# A
• Key C -> C-F-GIf you take a look at the major key you can see it is divided in three “groups”. The triads for I-IV-V are all major chords. The triads for II-III-VI are all minor chords and the triad for VII is a diminished chord. So, if you know the scales well, you can always find the IV and the V. Simply play the major chord with that note as the root.
• Key A# -> A#-D#-F
• Key A -> A-D-E
Key G -> Major scale: G A B C D E F# G -> I-IV-V = G-C-D
Outro
Hopefully this guide has helped you a little bit in understanding how chords are picked to create songs. Feel free to print the “Key Card”, simply click it and then “Save As”.Hopefully you've enjoyed reading this guide.
Ten Tips for Ukulele Beginners
A couple of weeks ago Mike asked me for one or two tips for ukulele beginners. My brain went whiring into action (actually, is was more a nasty screetching and cracking of gears). I ended up with a big list of stuff. So here, in their original, un-rewritten and bloated form, are all of them.
1. Record yourself playing and listen back to it. It’s difficult to play and listen to yourself at the same time. Quite often just noticing what you’re doing wrong is enough to fix the problem. It also gets you used to playing infront of the mic – making it less of a big deal when you want to record yourself properly.
2. Much to the RIAA’s disgust, you can’t sue someone for stealing a chord progression. Although Metallica tried to sue the band Unfaith for changing from F to E. If you hear something you like, work it out and steal it.
3. Practice so slowly you can’t possibly make a mistake. If you make the same mistake over and over again, it’s incredibly hard to get rid of it. It’s much easier to start slow, get the tune under your fingers and gradually speed up. If you’re more consciencious than me, you’ll use a metronome while you’re doing this sort of thing.
4. Learn how to read ukulele tab. There are plenty of people around who can play the ukulele without learning to read tab. But there’s so much ukulele tab around on the net now that it’s really going to increase the speed that you can pick up new tunes.
5. Once you’ve decided you enjoy the ukulele, get a nice one. Almost everyone starts of playing on a very cheap ukulele. These ukes are fine for deciding if playing the ukulele is for you. But once you’re into it, get yourself a decent quality ukulele. It’ll be easier to play, sound better (so you’ll be more pleased with the way you sound), and will give you more impetus to practice.
6. The type of strings you use can make a big different to the sound of your ukulele. The strings you get with your ukulele are likely to be cheap and nasty. It’s worth replacing them with higher quality strings such as Worth or Aquila.
7. Don’t hold your ukulele too tightly. The ukulele is small and it’s very easy to smother the sound out of it. Don’t hold it too tightly or you’ll lose a lot of volume and tone. Watch how masters like Jake Shimabukuro and hold the uke.
8. Listen to lots of ukulele players. The more you listen, the more you’ll get a feel for the ukulele and the way it sounds. It will influence how you play subconsciously.
9. Take the time to tune up properly. The ukulele isn’t the easiest instrument to get in tune and keep in tune, but it has to be done. If your ukulele is out of tune, you WILL sound terrible. I’m looking at you, Mr Merritt.
10. Enjoy yourself. The big appeal of the ukulele is that it is the most fun instrument around. People try to denigrate the ukulele as a toy. I think calling the uke a toy is a huge compliment. Toys are fun to play with and so is the ukulele.
10 Things I Wish I’d Known About Ukuleles (Before I Bought One)
Jemsite has been doing a series called 10 Things I Wish I’d Known About Guitars (Before I Bought One) and I know a good idea when I steal one. The concept: if you could hop into your DeLorean, whack it up to 88 mph and visit yourself when you were buying your first instrument, what advice would you give?
In about 50 years’ time I imagine myself sitting in a comfy chair and my grandkids scurrying up to me in their space-pyjamas and asking, “Granddad, what was life like before the internet?” And I’ll say, “Put down your hoverboards, jump up on my knee and I’ll tell you.” Then I’ll twirl my mustachios wistfully and reply, “It was FUCKIN’ AWFUL!”
Back when I got my first ukulele – during my teenage guitar obsession – there were no internets, YouTubes or blogs to teach a boy anything. I didn’t know anyone who played ukulele. I’d heard George Formby and one other song with a ukulele once. I didn’t have a clue. As a result, it took me many years to see the potential of the uke. So here’s what I’d tell the fat, ugly, stupid, teenage me as he wandered into Bakewell Music Shop to buy a ukulele.
1. The strings don’t go fattest to thinnest.
Just to prove how ignorant I was, I actually tried restringing it the ‘right’ way. It didn’t occur to me that the people who made it might have had a better idea of how to string it than I did. I did have a book. But it was a very slim, old one. I either didn’t read it or it failed to mention this fairly important detail.
2. Good ukuleles exist. Your local music shop doesn’t have one.
Bakewell is famous for it’s tarts (and they are exceeding good). It’s not famous as a centre of outstanding luthiery. The uke I bought was complete junk. I didn’t even know there were better ukes. I think this is the main reason I rarely played the uke for many years.
Message to me: buy a Martin ukulele or six. They might seem expensive now but you ain’t seen nothing yet.
3. Good ukulele strings exist. Your local music shop doesn’t have them.
The same goes for the strings. In fact, I don’t remember them selling strings at all. I don’t know where I would have been able buy good strings. God, I love you, internet. I’m going to miss you come the post-apocalyptic Mad-Max world.
4. Tighten the screws. It might stay in tune.
I think I did eventually work this one out myself. But only many months after giving up on ever getting it to stay in tune.
5. Ukuleles are not little guitars.
I started figuring this one out pretty quickly. After trying to strum it with a plectrum for 3 minutes I realised that clearly wasn’t the way to go. It took me much longer to figure out that the high-G string could be a help rather than a hindrance (partly because it took me a while to figure out it was a high-G string).
6. Eventually, you won’t want to play the guitar any more.
Actually, I might gloss over this fact lest it puts me off picking it up in the first place.
7. Fewer strings means harder, not easier.
Not entirely true, I know. But it is more of challenge to play difficult pieces on the uke. And more rewarding.
8. Don’t steal plutonium from the Libyans.
9. In about 15 years time ukuleles are going to be the coolest thing in the world and you’re going to be writing about them every day. You should practice more.
There’s no getting round the fact I’m a mediocre player. It might be the fact that I’m not naturally musically talented. But more practice certainly couldn’t harm.
10. You like her. She likes you. Just ask her out you useless, spotty idiot. And sell your sister to organ harvesters and put the money into Google and Microsoft.
No, it’s nothing to do with ukuleles. But if I’m time traveling here, I’m not going to spend all ten on ukuleles.
What do you wish you’d known about ukuleles before you bought one?
Sunday, March 10, 2013
New to Ukulele ?
When I got my first ukulele, I was completely clueless. This was in the dark days before the internet had been discovered. I didn’t even realise that the strings weren’t supposed to go thickest to thinnest and restrung it.
So, to save you from the social disgrace I experienced, I’ve put together a tutorial covering the basics that every first time uke owner needs to know. Here’s what it contains:
- Five Things to Know.
- Five Chords to Learn.
- Five Songs to Play.
- Five Websites to Visit.
- Five Things to Get Free.
- Five Things to Buy.
- Five Videos to Watch.
- Five YouTube Channels to Subscribe to.
Five Nuggets to Know :
1.How the Ukulele is Tuned
From the string nearest your head to the string nearest the ground it goes: gCEA (there are other tunings, but this is by far the most common, so don't worry your pretty little head about those for now). Unlike most instruments, the string nearest your head is pitched higher than the next two strings (it’s indicated by the small g in gCEA). You can hear the notes here: Tuning Notes
2. How to Read Chord Charts
How to Read Ukulele Chord Charts
2. How to Read Chord Charts
How to Read Ukulele Chord Charts
3. How to Make Your Ukulele Sound Good
Definitely worth getting into good habits right from the start: Get Good Tone
4. The History of the Ukulele
John King is the patron saint of ukulele history. This is an excellent article
on the early history of the uke:
A Strum Through Ukulele History
For something more brief (and inaccurate) here’s my quick breeze through ukulele history:
Ukulele History: A Brief and Inaccurate Guide
5. These 10 Tips for Beginners
Ten Tips for Ukulele Beginners
Five Chords to Learn :
1. C
Ring finger on the third fret of the A-string
2. F
Middle finger on the g-string at the second fret. Index, E-string first fret
3. G7
Middle finger: C-string, second fret. Index (pointer) finger: E-string, first fret. Ring finger: A-string, second fret
4. Am (A minor)
Middle finger: g-string, second fret
5. Em (E minor)
Ring finger: C-string, fourth fret. Middle finger: E-string, third fret. Index finger: A-string, second fret
This is how the chords look in diagram form:
Once you’ve learned these chords you can use them to play these songs.
Five Songs to Play :
1. Over the Rainbow
When Israel Kamakawiwo'ole covered this song it became an instant ukulele classic. This version is the more beginner-friendly one played by Jason Castro on American Idol.
Over the Rainbow
When Israel Kamakawiwo'ole covered this song it became an instant ukulele classic. This version is the more beginner-friendly one played by Jason Castro on American Idol.
Over the Rainbow
2. Ring of Fire
The ultimate Johnny Cash song.
Ring of Fire
3. Hallelujah
Originally by Leonard Cohen but the definitive version was recorded by Jeff Buckley. Beirut regularly play this live on the ukulele.
Hallelujah
4. Blitzkrieg Bop
Three chord classic from the Ramones. Make sure you start by shouting,
"1,2,3,4" at an entirely unrelated tempo.
Blitzkrieg Bop
5. This Too Shall Pass
OK Go’s song is also a straightforward three chord jamalong. And there’s an easy bit of tab when you start to tackle that.
More songs and tips for ukulele beginners here.
Five Websites to Visit :
1. Ukulele Hunt
That would be my website and probably the place you got this. To make sure you don't miss anything, you can get email updates by entering your address in the sign up form in the top right hand side of this page.
Ukulele Hunt
2. Top 50 Ukulele Sites
Including this one on the list is cheating; a bit like being granted 3 wishes and saying, "I wish for a million wishes." There are loads of websites here that you have to check out. The best place to start finding out what's available on the net.
Top 50 Sites
5. Chordie
If you can't find the chords for a song written up for ukulele, Chordie has loads of chords and can be adjusted for uke. It's aimed at guitar so it's not always ideal or accurate, but it's better than nothing.
Chordie
Five Freebies to Grab :
1. AP Tuner
Nothing is going to ruin your ukulele playing more than being out of tune. With AP Tuner you can play the uke into a mic and it will tell you when it's in tune. For standard tuning, you're looking for G4,C4,E4,A4. AP Tuner
Mac alternative: Chromatic Tuner
2. GoChords
A quick and easy way to write up your own chord sheets. Free too! GoChords
3. Audacity
Free sound recording software. The quickest way to get better is record yourself as often as possible and catch what mistakes you're making: Audacity.
Audacity is available for Mac but if you have GarageBanduse that.
4. Power Tab
Write your own ukulele tabs. The website itself is very confusing. You candownload it directly here: PowerTab
Mac alternative: GuitarPro. Not free but better than Power Tab and suitable for Windows/Mac/Linux. It’s the software I use.
5. Ukulele Music
If you’re a Spotify user I’ve put together a bunch of ukulele playlists. Or you can catch up on the best ukulele videos here.
Five Things to Buy :
1. Ukulele Tuner
If you're going to be playing the uke out and about, you'll need a tuner. These clip on to the end of the uke and can tell whether you're in tune no matter how much noisy it is. My current favourite is the Snark tuner.
Ukulele Tuners
2. Strings
If you've got a cheap ukulele, the chances are the strings that came with it are not great. Putting better quality strings such as Aquila will improve the sound.
Aquila Strings
3. Ukulele for Dummies
The book I wrote for ukulele beginners. It’s the most comprehensive ukulele book out there. It covers all the basics and goes on to introduce playing a bunch of styles.
Buy it on Amazon US or Amazon UK. Or read more about it here.
4. Ukulele Chord Book
Always useful to have a reference book on hand.
Ukulele Chord Book
5. Metronome
Metronomes do the simple and very important job of keeping time in your playing. You can buy a real-life one or get one on your phone. There are plenty of free ones around but my favourite iOS app is Visual Metronome. On Android I use Mobile Metronome which has free and paid versions.
Visual Metronome (iOS)
Mobile Metronome (Android)
Five Videos to Watch :
1. Jake Shimabukuro - While My Guitar Gently Weeps
The most popular ukulele video on YouTube. It's a masterclass in arranging a song for instrumental ukulele.
Jake Shimabukuro - While My Guitar Gently Weeps
2. James Hill - Billie Jean
James Hill is absolutely the best ukulelist in the world right now.
James Hill - Billie Jean
3. Roy Smeck - His Pastimes
The Wizard of the Strings. A legend on the ukulele and many other stringed instruments.
Roy Smeck - His Pastimes
4. Ukulele Orchestra of Great Britain - Shaft
The original ukulele orchestra and still the best.
Ukulele Orchestra of Great Britain - Shaft
5. Eddie Vedder - Can’t Keep
The Pearl Jam frontman reworks one of his songs for the ukulele.
Eddie Vedder - Can’t Keep
Five YouTube Channels To Subscribe To :
1. Ali Ingle
Gruff-voiced Liverpudlian with an excellent line in songs.
youtube.com/aliingle
2. Keston Cobblers’ Club
Great British folk group. Don’t always include the ukulele but always include the amazing.
youtube.com/kestoncobblersclub
3. Wilfried Welti
Top-notch ukulele instrumentalist who blogs at Ukulele-Arts.com.
youtube.com/wwelti
4. Walk off the Earth
Shot to fame with their five-people-one-guitar version of Somebody That I Used To Know. Now that they can afford one instrument each they regularly include ukulele.
youtube.com/walkofftheearth
5. Garfunkel and Oates
Actors Kate Micucci (the ukulele-playing Gooch on Scrubs, and the ukulele-playing Shelley in Raising Hope) and Riki Lindhome (Life is Short, Gilmore Girls) team up for innuendo-laden duets. For something more family friendly, check out Kate’s solo song Dear Deer.
youtube.com/rikilind
ukulelehunt channel